Feature Scriputure: Bijak of
Guru Kabir by Dr. J. Das
RAMAINIS
Ramaini 1
antar jyoti shabd
ek nārī, hari, brahmā tāke tripurarī.
te tiriye bhag
linga anantā, teu na jāne ādi au antā.
bākhari ek vidhāte
kīnhā, chowda thahar pāt so līnhā.
hari har brahmā
mahanto nāwu, tinh puni tīn basāwal gāwun.
tinh puni rachal
khand brahmandā, chhow darshan chhānabe
pakhandā.
pete kāhu na ved
padhāyā, sunati karāi turuk nahi āyā.
nārī mo chit garbh
prasūtī, swānga dhare bahutai kartūtī.
tahiyā ham tum
ekai lohū, ekai prān biyāpai mohū.
ekai janī janā
sansārā, kown gyān te bhayo ninara.
bhow balak bhag
dwāre āya, bhag bhogī ke purush kahāyā.
avigati kī gati
kāhu na jānī, ek jībh kit kahown bakhānī.
jo mukh hoi jībh
das lākhā, to koi āi mahanto bhākhā.
sākhī: kahahin
kabīr pukāri ke, ī leu vyowhār.
rām nām jāne binā, bhow būdi muwā
sansār.
Meaning:
In the beginning
there was God. He was the Word and Light, and He was with the Creative Power.
From that Creative Power, Hari, Brahma and Shiva came. These three in turn
produced countless creative organs of women and men (created women and men).
None of them knew their beginning or end. Brahma created a house (universe)
that was divided into fourteen parts.
The Names of Hari
(Vishnu), Har (Shiva), Brahma are great. They then established three
settlements or Lokas - Earth, Heaven and Hell. They created many parts in the
universe and later on their followers created six schools of philosophy and
ninety-six hypocrisies (false religions).
No Hindu came out of
the womb with knowledge of the Vedas, and no Muslim came out of the womb being
circumcised. All people are born from the womb, and coming out from the womb of
the mother, people accepted many pretended forms and actions. Then we and you
are of the same blood, and the same breath sustains us. One mother (Maya -
Creative Power) created the world. Then with what knowledge you became
different from one another (i.e. Hindus and Muslims). Being a baby, you came
out through the mother's genital organ, and being grown up you enjoyed the
genital organ and was called a man. No one knows the state of the indescribable
God. With one tongue how can I explain it? If someone has one million tongues,
then he can speak of the greatness of God.
Sakhi: Kabir says
shouting that all the affairs in the world are not real. They are all illusory
and perishable. Without knowing Ram Nam this world drowns and dies.
Commentary:
In this ramaini Guru
Kabir talks of the mythological concept of creation as prevalent in India . The
three 'gods', Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva came from God and represent the
functions of God as creator (Brahma), sustainer (Vishnu), and destroyer
(Shiva). These are thought to be responsible for the universe with all beings
in it. Brahma created this universe which he divided into fourteen parts--seven
heavens and seven hells. The seven heavens are: 1. Bhur Lok, 2. Bhuvar Lok, 3.
Svar Lok, 4. Tap Lok, 5. Jan Lok, 6. Mahar Lok, 7. Sat Lok. The seven hells
are: 1. Atal, 2. Vital, 3. Sutal, 4. Rasatal, 5. Talatal, 6. Mahatal, and 7. Patal. The six schools of philosophy
are: 1. Sankhya, 2. Yoga, 3. Nyaya, 4.
Mimansa, 5. Vaisheshika, 6. Vedanta. The ninety-six hypocrisies are the
ninety-six forms of religious sects prevalent in India at that time.
Because of the caste
system in India ,
it is held that one is born into a caste, no matter if he lives up to the
prescribed rules or not. Guru Kabir pointed out the fallacy of that system by
saying that no Brahmin was born with the knowledge of the Vedas (scriptures);
that he was born as anyone else was, so how can he be said to be a Brahmin by
birth. Similarly, Muslims circumcise the males, and Guru Kabir points out that
Muslims are not born circumcised. Was God not able to make him be born
circumcised if it were necessary?
Elsewhere he points out that the Muslim women are not circumcised, so
they must then remain Hindus. Similarly, he states that Brahmins wear the janeo
(sacred thread), but their women do not, so they remain non-Brahmins.
The gist of this ramaini is
that all people are manifestations of God and are born in the same way, with
the same organs and tissues, so with what kind of intellect do people create
all the differences and the divisions which lead to disharmony, intolerance,
bigotry, and foolishness? All people are
equal at birth, but as they grow up they are taught, and quickly learn, to
create differences in ideology, morals, value systems, class divisions,
religious beliefs, etc. They adhere to these distinctions as if they were
ordained by God. These are all ‘pretended’ forms since, basically, all people
are equal and the same to God. So people continue to fool themselves and each
other. All of these are the traps of Maya (illusion), and will prevent us from
obtaining salvation. He tells us that God's greatness is indescribable. We
should give up all the mythological and false teachings and practices that are
prevalent in the world, and try to know God. Without the knowledge of God the
whole world will drown in ignorance and not obtain the sought-after goal of
salvation.